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Custom Particle Conjugation Services

At Fortis Life Sciences, we offer custom particle conjugation services of our range of antibodies, proteins and other biomolecules to our metal nanomaterials. We can supply materials ranging from one millileter up to hundreds of millileters in quantity.
For customers who are interested in performing conjugation for themselves, we can instead offer a variety of reactive surfaces - amine, carboxy and sulfhydryl - on our silver and gold nanomaterials.
Custom Antibody Production Services

Gold Conjugation Services

Gold nanoparticle conjugated antibodies - gold conjugates - are widely used in applications such as lateral flow assays, biosensor immunoassays, electron microscopy and nanomedicine due to their high sensitivity and specificity of target biomarkers and analytes. But in order for these conjugates to be effective, the production and optimization process needs to be carefully controlled.

At Fortis Life Sciences, we offer a range of gold conjugates that can be custom made for your specific application.

Silver & Iron Oxide Conjugation

The conjugation chemistry that we use for gold nanoparticles can be translated to silver nanoparticles and iron oxide for dedicated conjugation services.

Silica Conjugation

Conjugation services are available for silicon nanoparticles enabling many different types of coupling chemistry for biofunctionalization. It is possible to silica-shell many different metal particles with surface functionalization properties, with our covalent conjugation options listed below:

  • Carboxyl-Primary Amine EDC/NHS Coupline
  • DCBO-Azide Click Chemistry
  • TCO-Tetrazine Click Chemistry
  • Maleimide-Thiol Coupling
  • Hydrazine Mediated Conjugation

For custom silica conjugation services, please contact us to discuss it with our team further.

Our Manufacturing Methods

We use both passive and covalent conjugation methods to offer robust and effective binding of antibodies to the surface of reporter particles.

Passive Conjugation

Passive conjugation takes place by using intermolecular forces between molecules and surfaces to spontaneously bind antibodies to bare gold nanoparticle surfaces. The target antibody is added in excess to ensure complete coverage, with the remaining antibody recovered once conjugation is complete.

Covalent Conjugation

Carboxyl-functionalized nanoparticles are recommended for covalent binding, where antibodies are permanently attached onto the carboxyl-modified surface of gold nanoparticles. We offer two options for covalent conjugation.

Amine groups from EDC or sulfo-NHS then form an amide bond with the carboxylic acid on the nanoparticle, forming a stable conjugate.

Alternatively, conjugation can occur between diarylcyclooctyne (DBCO) and an azide-peptide. This click chemistry reaction occurs at room temperature, without the need for a copper catalyst with a high quantity yield.

Custom Conjugation Services

We also offer a range of custom conjugation services related to proteins and antibodies, peptides, oligos, nucleic acids and polymers. If you are looking for conjugation of any of the above services, please contact us so that our expert team can discuss further.